Lab No. 5

Seedling Germination

INTRODUCTION:
This experiment will let us observe the effects of germinating seeds in the light and in the dark. Also this experiment will show how important water and sunlight are to helping a plant grow to its fullest potential.

 

      What was our control for this experiment?

What we did for controlling this experiment was measuring the germination and growth of total plants. Using radish seeds planted under two conditions light condition and total dark condition. What we did in groups two for light condition. and other two for dark condition. Based in our hypothesis was plant 4 seeds per cup in a tray that have 36 cups . We planted two weeks ago, after that period we analyzed our experiment by counting and doing some math.

2-   What is the percent germination for light treatment? For dark treatment?

we measured our germination percentage by doing some math the following formula was used:

Percent germination =(total number of seeds germinated    )/(total number of seeds planted)*100

                                   

 x=68/144*100                                   

 x = 48% for light treatment

                                 

 

x=48/144*100
x = 34% for the dark treatment

 

3- Make a graph of a total germination percent per treatment.

 

 Height average between light and dark treatment.

 

 Weight percentage between wet and dry plants.

1-    Compare the difference in appearance in the dark treatment and the light treatment plants. If there is a difference in appearance, explain.

Seeds planted in light treatment were very green and some of them were curly, it might be because they were compiting for sunlight. While seeds planted in dark treatment they were yellow and very week their leaves were dropping down  almost to die.

 

2-If there was growth in the dark treatment plants, explain why that growth may have taken place even though light was not reaching the plants. Most of plants only need soil and water in order to germinate. there has been some research done that says that some plants can grow even without sunlight but it is in a slow rate.

 

3-    Using your calculation of class’s data, draw or make three graphs, showing the differences in respiration(R) net primary productivity (NPP) and gross primary productivity (GPP) between light and dark treatment. Titles your graph label your x and y, and make sure your treatment are clear in each graph.

 

References:

http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/bot00/bot00333.htm

http://www.ehow.com/info_8104036_plants-growing-dark-science-projects.html

 

 

Lab no. 4

Trip Field Report about:
"Succession" and "Marmot Dam Removal"

 

Marmot Dam on Oregon’s Sandy River was removed. Portland General Electric in 2007 removed Marmot Dam, which was part of the Bull Run Hydroelectric Project. In November of 1999, PGE filed a notice not to look for a new license for the Bull Run project near the city of Sandy. PGE decided that it would not work for them to meet current standards for protection, mitigation and enhancement of the natural resources affected by the project especially salmon on the Sandy River.
 

The Bull Run project was located about 30 miles east of Portland on the western slopes of Mount Hood, and consisted of:
• Marmot Dam, a 47-foot-high, 345-foot-long roller-compacted concrete dam that was built in 1989 to replace an earlier timber structure.
• Little Sandy Dam, a small concrete diversion dam on the Little Sandy River.
• A complex system of connecting canals. 

Yards of sediment — silt, gravel, cobbles and boulders — had accumulated behind Marmot Dam during its lifetime.

Photos courtesy of Portland General Electric

Marmot Dam was a 345-foot-long concrete dam built in 1989 on the Sandy River.
Involving 23 governmental and nonprofit organizations and several years of effort, PGE committed to remove the dam extracting only as much sediment as was required for the demolition. The remaining sediment would be allowed to disperse with natural stream flow. 

The dam was fractured by drilling, and then controlled blasting.

After the dam was removed forest is recovering slowly. There are Big leaf Maple and Red cedars also Sword Ferns grow on the ground. trees are around 200 years. While in the entrance side we can see that second succession have been taking place on the past years. When the dam was removed the sedimentation went a way just by nature. Then salmon can flow upstream. there were benefits that this process brought.

a bridge is left people is visiting that historical act. biking and hiking activities are been developed by Oregonian now days.

The view downstream after the dam was removed.

Here is a link to a video to see the removal process and detailed.
http://www.opb.org/programs/ofg/segment/marmot-dam-removed/


 



Lab No. 3

1. What wording used in a popular science article (magazine, website or newspaper article) Would lead you to believe it is based on a peer reviewed article? List 3 or 4 more statements below the example statement.

1)  The Ixil University did a research about.....
2)  National Geographic wrote an article about endangered species....
3)  Scientist turn to satellites to save Guatemala's Jaguars...
4) according to University of Colorado fired has consumed....
                                                  
2. Find a popular magazine, web site, or newspaper article

William A. Saturno, May 2012, Ancient Maya Astronomical Tables from Xultun, Guatemala, Science. (Internet). Available from: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6082/714

picture missing

                        

 3. Find a popular article related to your country's ecology

Paradise Lost

 

This article is about a writer that visited my country Guatemala. He describes how he enjoyed and visited places that he never seen before. What I really like about this article is that he wrote all his adventure and at the same time he is describing each one of the places that he visited. Just to give one example the Atitlan Lake. It is one of the most famous like in Guatemala in its west side we can appreciate two wonderful volcanoes. This Lake is known as "El ombligo del mundo," translated it would be like the bellybutton of the world. Also Maynard wrote about how the culture is connected to the nature. His hiking experiences on Volcanoes in the highland side of Guatemala.

Source:

Joyce Maynard, May 14, 2012 Paradise Lost, Talk. New York Times. (Internet). Available

from: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/14/t-magazine/paradise-lost-in-guatemala.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 

 

4. Find a peered reviewed article of a similar topic than the popular article to your country’s ecology

 

 

Scientists Turn to a Satellite to Save Guatemala's Jaguars

This article describes very detailed one issue that Guatemalan Jaguars have been facing. Since this article is from almost 10 years this topic has been more relevant this past years. The jaguar is very significant animal for our Mayan ancients. But these days the jaguars are losing their habitat. There are one of the endangered of extinction species. A team of scientists are hoping to manage this issue by using a Global Positioning System satellite to track the movements of these animals. I was very interesting in this article because I think and I want to save this unique Guatemalan specie in a certain point.

Missing picture,

 

Source: 

Reuters, May 22, 2005, Scientist Turn to a Satellite to save Guatemala's Jaguars, New York Times, (Internet) Available from:

http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/22/international/americas/22guatemala.html